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Lecturer(s)
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Švancara Ivan, prof. Ing. Dr.
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Course content
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Instrumental Analysis (ANA-II) - Introduction to IMA: Instrumental analysis vs. chemical analysis, Qualitative and quantitative analysis. - Electroanalysis: Potentiometry Electrode potential, Nernst equation and its description. Classification(s) of electrodes: indicatory, reference, of I. and II. kind, redox-, ion-selective (ISE); pH measurement with the glass electrode. Polarography and Voltammetry Basic definitions: electrolysis, "E-t" and "I-E" curves (polarographic waves, voltammetric peaks). Working electrodes: DME, HMDE, GCE. Reference electrodes. Coulometry and Amperometry Definitions: electric charge, current flow; Faraday law and its applications; Use in practice. - Molecular spectro(photo)metry: Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the molecules. Absorption spectra in UV/Vis-region and their use in qualitative and quantitative analysis. Lambert-Beer law: Absorbance, transmittance vs. concentration, UV/Vis-spectrometer: block scheme and brief specification of individual components and accessories. Examples of applications in practice. - Atomic spectrometry: Atomic spectra: excitation of the atoms, bar spectra evaluation. Classical spectrography, atomic emission spectrometry (AES): Principles, instrumental setup, practical use. Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) Principles of three variants (FL-, GF-, and HG-AAS). Scheme of instrumentation and its description. Applications in inroganic and trace analysis. AAS vs. ICP-MS. - Chromatographic separations: Separation principles and mechanism; Distribution equilibria (adsorption, extraction, ion exchange), molecular-sieve effect, bio-affinity. Gas chromatography (GC) Principles, instrumental setup (scheme), mobile and stationary phases, columns, important detectors, examples of typical applications. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Principles and instrumental setup, mobile and stationary phases, columns, important detectors, examples of typical applications.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Work with text (with textbook, with book)
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Learning outcomes
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Introducing the students to the fundamentals of instrumental analysis, namely: Basic principles and definitions, classical vs. instrumental analysis, introduction to methodology, quantitative methods (standard sample m., calibration curve m., standard addition m.); Selected techniques / methods from (i) electroanalysis; (ii) spectrophotometry, (iii) atomic spectrometry, (iv) chromatographic separation; Basic calculations in instrumental analysis: concentration vs. content, calculations with selected equations (Nernst equation, Lambert-Beer law, distribution coefficients).
Graduates of the course will gain a basic overview of instrumental analysis and its key disciplines: electroanalysis, spectral analysis and chromatographic separation. The students will also practice working with chemical literature and improve their scientific English.
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Prerequisites
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The subject requires the basic knowledge and skills on general, inorganic and organic chemistry, as well as work with chemical literature. Obvious is good knowledge of English language, both written and spoken.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination, Written examination
The subject builds upon basic knowledge of analytical and physical chemistry (acquired in the country of origin). written test - 70% of exam, oral examination - 30% of exam.
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Recommended literature
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Gary, D. Christian. Analytical Chemistry, 1994, New York, John Wiley & Sons. New York, 1994.
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Harvey D. Modern Analytical Chemistry. London. 2000.
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Jeffery G.H. et al. Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis. London. 1989.
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Skoog D.A. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 9th Ed. New York. 2013.
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