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Lecturer(s)
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Drabina Pavel, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Imramovský Aleš, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Symmetry/asymmetry of natural compounds, influence of configuration and conformation on properties of natural compounds. Characterization of natural compounds by chirooptical methods. Organic synthesis of non-racemic chiral compounds. The methods of resolution of racemates, asymmetric syntheses. Enantioselective catalysis, the application of chiral auxiliaries. Biopolymers in live-systems, basic principles of biomacromolecules composition, survey and importance of non-covalent bonds in live-systems, conformations of biopolymers. The methods of preparation of aminoacids in racemic and non-racemic forms. New trends in peptide synthesis. The reaction, synthesis and metabolism of saccharides. Modification of saccharides. The preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. The methods of syntheses of oligonucleotides. The syntheses of selected alkaloids, terpenes and steroids and their derivatives with high application potential. The chemistry of lipids, classification, structure and metabolism. Phospholipids and glycolipids. Biomembranes - structural organization and basic functions. The transport of ions and compounds across membranes. Eicosanoids - the basic survey, biosynthesis and biological activity. Chemical synthesis of selected eicosanoids and their intermediates. Vitamins - function and methods of syntheses of individual vitamins. New trends in production of key intermediates of vitamins Natural compounds in chemical industry. The chemical synthesis and application of selected natural compounds in practice, i.e. aroma compounds, dietary supplements, cosmetics, natural dyes, pharmaceuticals etc.)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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unspecified, Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Projection
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Learning outcomes
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The course deals with the chemistry of natural compounds. The course units are focused on tasks of biosynthesis, chemical and stereochemical structure and physico-chemical properties of the most important natural compounds, i.e. aminoacids, proteins, mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides, lipids, nucleotides and nucleic acid, alkaloids, terpenoids and vitamins. The modern trend of their chemical syntheses are introduced. The course is based on knowledges of advanced organic chemistry, organic synthesis and mechanisms of organic reactions, which enables the explanation of the principles of chemical processes found in live-systems.
The students obtain the general knowledges concerned to synthetic methods for preparation, chemical and stereochemical structure, properties and occurrence of the most important natural compounds.
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Prerequisites
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The general knowledges of organic chemistry, stereochemistry of organic compounds, reaction mechanisms and organic synthesis are essential for successful passing of the course unit.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Written examination
Graduation of course units: "Organic chemistry I - C008"; "Biochemistry - C627", optional "Bioorganic chemistry - C318"
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Recommended literature
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Drabina P. Bioorganická chemie. Pardubice, 2020. ISBN 978-80-7560-316-6.
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Karlson P. Základy biochemie. Praha, 1981. ISBN 104-21-852.
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Šícho V., Vodrážka Z., Králová B. Potravinářská biochemie. Praha, 1981. ISBN 04-815-81.
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Vodrážka Z., Krechl J. Bioorganická chemie. Praha, 1991. ISBN 80-03-00547-7.
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