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Lecturer(s)
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Rokyta Jan, doc. ThDr. Ph.D.
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Novotný František, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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The course provides an overview of the history of Christianity from its origins to the Late Middle Ages. 1. Information about the course. The origins of Christianity: Initial conditions, post-exile inter-testamental Judaism. 2. Jesus as a historical figure and character of literature. The term "Kingdom of God", the Gospel, Jesus' approach to the Mosaic Law. 3. Early Christianity: Judeo-Christianity, Helenism, conversions of pagans to Christianity. Paul of Tarsus. Early Christian ritual: Eucharist, Baptism. The position of Christians in the Roman Empire. 4. Christianity in the 2nd and 3rd century: Apostolic Fathers, Apologetics, Martyrs. Gnostic Christianity. Formation of the Church structure. Persecution of Christians. Origenes. The origins of Christian monasticism. 5. Christianization of the Roman Empire: Constantine and Theodosius. Ecumenical councils of the 4th century. Christianity as the state religion. 6. The Church and the formation of medieval states. Christian literacy and the state. Boëthius, Isidor of Sevilla. Gregory the Great. Christianity and the early medieval law. 7. Charlemagne and the Carolignian Renaissance. Early medieval monasticism, the monstery organization. Cluny reform. 8. Investiture Controversy, Gregorian Reforms. Theology and the conflict between the Church and secular power. Gregory VII and the solutions of the controversies after 1100 (Concordat of Worms). 9. Scholasticism and Medieval Universities. 3rd and 4th Lateran Council. The Medieval eucharistic theology and piety. The dogma of the Transubstantiation. 10. The development of medieval orders: Cistercians, Premonstratensians, Dominic Guzman and Francis of Assisi, mendicant orders. 11. Medieval popular culture and piety. The question of popular/lay literacy, accessibility of the Bible to the laity, lay approaches to the Scripture. 12. Medieval mysticism. Meister Eckhart, John Tauler, Henry of Suso, Hildegard of Bingen, Mechtild of Magdeburg, Brigitte of Sweden. Typical forms of male and female mysticism. Mystics and controversy (Marguirete Porete, Meister Eckhart). 13. Medieval heterodoxy and religious dissidence. Nonconformist Christian movements (the Cathars, the Waldensians, heterodox mysticism). Persecution of religious nonconformism (medieval papal inquisition).
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Methods of individual activities, Work-related activities
- Contact teaching
- 26 hours per semester
- Home preparation for classes
- 50 hours per semester
- Independent critical reading
- 20 hours per semester
- Preparation for an exam
- 60 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course introduces to history of Christianity up to the 15th century and treats the basic historical development of Christian doctrines, practices, and society.
Students will be informed about the Bible, dogmatics, liturgy, history, particular confessions, and denominations. Students will be encouraged to study materials about Christianity in an unprejudiced way.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Discussion
Active participation in the supplementary seminar on the textual and visual sources from the history of Christianity is obligatory. Credits are given for an oral interview, where the students demonstrate their knowledge of the early Christian history in the context of religions of the Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Recommended literature
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Nový zákon (Český ekumenický překlad).
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Collins, R. Evropa raného středověku 300 - 1000. Praha, 2005.
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Flusser, D. Ježíš. Praha: Oikúmené, 2002.
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GUREVIČ A. Nebe, peklo, svět, přel. Kolár J.. Praha, 1996.
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HAZLETT, I. Rané křesťanství. Počátky a vývoj církve do roku 600. Brno, 2009.
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Jacques Le Goff, Jean -Claude Schmitt. Encyklopedie Středověku,Vyšehrad,2002.
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JEDIN, H. Malé dějiny koncilů.. Praha, 1990.
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Lane, T. Dějiny křesťanského myšlení. Praha, 1996.
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Le Goff, Jacques. Intelektuálové ve středověku. Praha: Karolinum, 1999. ISBN 80-7184-256-7.
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Vouga, F. Dějiny raného křesťanství. Brno: Vyšehrad, 1997.
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