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Lecturer(s)
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Fischer Jan, doc. Ing. CSc.
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Holčapek Michal, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Husáková Lenka, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Introduction to atomic absorption spectrometry. Flame AAS and AAS with eletrothermical atomization. Hydride technique and cold wapor method. Interferences, methodic and metrologic aspects of AAS analysis. Optical emission spectral analysis. Monochromators and polychromators, simultaneous and sequence analysis. Automatic spectrometry - metallurgical analysis, GD OES spectrometry, Rot-rode spectrometry, LIBS. Spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP). Types of plasma and their application. Atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS). X-ray spectrometry (XRS). X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRFS). Overview of the methods of molecular spectrometry. Absorption spectrometry in visible and ultraviolet range. Instrumentation and applications of UV and visible range spectrometry for identification, structure determination and quantitative analysis. Luminiscence spectrometry in visible and UV range of spectra. Infrared spectrometry. Infrared spectrometry with Fourier transformation, FTIR instrumentation, transmission and reflexion techniques, microtechniques, fotoacoustic spectrometry. Spectrometry in near and far infrared range, emission infrared spectrometry. Infrared spectra of different classes of organic compounds. Applications of spectrometry in middle IR range for identification, structure analysis and determination of organic compounds. Raman spectrometry. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR). 1H NMR spectra of organic compounds. Applications of NMR spectrometry for structural analysis of organic compounds. Pulse NMR technique with Fourier transformation, spectrometry 13C and heavier core atoms, two-dimensional NMR spectrometry. Principle of mass spectrometry. Classification and comparison of instruments accorging to the type of ionisation and analysers, resolving power. Sector and quadrupole mass spectrometers, ion-trap analyzers, time-of-flight analyzers, ion cyclotron resonance spectrometers. Electron and chemical ionisation, mild ionisation techniques. Introduction of the sample, ion detection, registration and normalisation of mass spectra. Fragmentation mechanisms, methods of their study. Mass spectra of different classes of organic compounds. Application of mass spectrometry with low and high resolution for determination of molecular weight and elemental composition of organic compounds. Applications of mass spectrometry for identification, structure analysis and determination of organic compounds. Combinations of chromatographic and spectral methods. Hyphenation of gas and liquid chromatography with mass, infrared and NMR spectrometry.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing)
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Learning outcomes
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The objective of the course is to improve basic knowledge of students in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy, with an emphasis on the use of analytical chemistry. The listeners can assess the suitability of various analytical techniques and methods and critically evaluate achieved results. An essential part of the course are exercises, where students practice interpretation of spectra. The students will learn theoretical foundation of spectral techniques used in inorganic and organic analysis, spectometric instrumentation, the basic characteristics of spectra of each class of organic substances and the use of spectral methods for determination of the structure, identification and quantitative analysis of substances. Attention is paid to the possibilities of combining different spectral methods and spectral methods with the separation methods.
Graduate of the course has knowledge about instrumentation of spectral analytical methods, using spectral methods for determination of the structure, identification and quantitative analysis of substances and interpretation of spectra.
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Prerequisites
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Basic Courses of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination
Oral exam - 100 % of grade.
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Recommended literature
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Andrews D.L. (ed.). Perspectices in Modern Chemical Spectroscopy. Berlin, 1990.
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Koudelka J. a kol. Spektroskopické metody. Praha, 1991.
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Worsfold P.J., Townshend A., Poole C.F. (eds). Encyclopedia of Analytical Science. Amsterdam, 2005.
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