Classification and Nomenclature of microorganisms. Taxonomic criteria (the identification of microorganisms). Composition of bacterial cells. Nutrition of microorganisms, source of basic elements. Reproduction of bacteria, the growth curve, continuous cultivation. Culture media - classification, composition, preparation. Physical effects on microbial growth and reproduction (effects of temperature, radiation). Chemical and biological effects on microbial growth and reproduction. Enzymes. The metabolism of microorganisms, catabolism, anabolisms, photophosphorylation, phosphorylation on the substrate level, oxidative phosphorylation, degradation of carbohydrates. Fermentation - various types and their importance. Aerobic catabolic processes, respiratory chain. Anaerobic respiration. Fundamentals of microbial genetics. Changes in microbial genetic information(mutations, recombination). Transfer of genetic information (conjugation, transformation, transduction). Host-microbe relationship. Pathogenicity and virulence, virulence factors, bacterial toxins, origin, development and progress of the infection. Viruses (the structure of viruses, classification, host-virus relationship, laboratory diagnostics). Fungi and yeasts (characteristics, classification, morphology, reproduction, laboratory diagnostics). General overview of laboratory techniques in microbiology (microscopy, cultivation, biochemical typing. Experiments on animals, the conditions for the implementation of biological experiments. Imunochemical methods - agglutination, precipitation, complement fixation reaction, Coombs test, surface fixation test, immunofluorescence methods and others. Epidemiology, source of disease, mode of transmission, susceptible individuals - population, measures for the disease. Antimicrobial agents, antimicrobial therapy. Classification according to various criteria, mechanisms of microbial resistance, dose and pharmacokinetics, susceptibility testing and interpretation. Antibiotic policy.
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The general part is focused on the position and significance of microorganisms in nature. Students become acquainted with cytology, metabolism, growth, propagation and genetics of bacteria and their relationship to their hosts.
Students become acquainted with cytology, metabolism, growth, propagation and genetics of bacteria and their relationship to their hosts. Furthermore, they acquire basic knowledge of antibiotics and antimicrobial therapy. Completion of the course is necessary for the further studies of special and clinical microbiology.
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BEDNÁŘ M. a kol. Lékařská mikrobiologie, Marvil, 1996. null. null, null. ISBN null.
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Celer, Vladimír. Obecná virologie. Hradec Králové: Nucleus HK, 2010. ISBN 978-80-87009-70-3.
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Jungbauerová L. Úvod do mikrobiologie, 1998, Nakladatelství Karolinum.
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Kaprálek F. Základy bakteriologie, 2000, Nakladatelství Karolinum..
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Votava M. Lékařská mikrobiologie obecná. Neptun, Brno, (2001). ISBN 80-902896-2-2.. Brno, 2001.
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