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Lecturer(s)
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Kiš Serhij, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Rozen David, Mgr. Ph.D.
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Grygar Filip, doc. Mgr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Contents 1. History and historiography, M. de Montaigne, scepticism and R. Descartes 2. René Descartes: cogito ergo sum, dualism 3. Margaret Lucas Cavendish: early naturalist philosophy 4. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: monadology 5. David Hume: the crisis of rationalism 6. What is the Enlightenment? Baruch Spinoza: *Tractatus politico-theologicus* 7. The state of nature and the emergence of the state in the modern era: T. Hobbes vs JJ. Rousseau 8. Kondiaronk: How indigenous criticism of Europe inspired the Enlightenment 9. The French Revolution, the birth of the modern political left and right - Edmund Burke (I) 10. The French Revolution, the birth of the modern political left and right - Thomas Paine (II) 11. Mary Wollstonecraft: Feminism in the Enlightenment 12. Adam Smith: the free market and the invisible hand Translated with DeepL.com (free version)
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Dialogic (discussion, interview, brainstorming)
- Home preparation for classes
- 24 hours per semester
- Participation in classes
- 24 hours per semester
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Learning outcomes
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The course offers a systematic introduction to the key themes and figures of 17th- and 18th-century philosophy. Students will be introduced to the main schools of thought - rationalism and empiricism - as well as to the political philosophy of this period. In addition to classical authors such as Descartes, Locke and Hume, the course will also explore less traditional perspectives: for example, the influence of encounters between European thinkers and the indigenous peoples of the Americas on the formation of modern political and social theory, or the arguments put forward by female philosophers of the time in the fields of science and social justice, which are often excluded from the canonical interpretation. The course will thus provide a balanced view of modern philosophy: it will present its classical foundations, whilst also opening the way to under-represented topics and authors, which is equally important for understanding the era.
The knowledge and competencies that students will gain during this course involve a proper understanding of the modern world, especially its scientific and technical character.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Didactic test, Discussion
Credit will depend upon attendance at lectures and seminars. An understanding of the topics dealt with during the lectures and in the literature. An elaboration of an exam test.
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Recommended literature
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B. Spinoza. Etika, vyložená způsobem užívaným v geometrii. Praha, 2001.
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D. Hume. Zkoumání lidského rozumu. Praha, 1972.
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Descartes. Meditace o první filosofii. Praha, 2010.
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G. Berkeley. Pojednání o principech lidského poznání. Praha, 2004.
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G. Leibniz. Monadologie a jiné práce. Praha, 1982.
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J. Locke. Esej o lidském chápání. Praha, 2012.
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M. Sobotka, M. Znoj, J. Moural. Dějiny novověké filosofie od Descarta po Hegela. Praha, 1993.
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M. Sobotka. Problém ?cogito ergo sum?. Praha, 2008.
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P. Glombíček, J. Kuneš (eds.). Cogito, ergo sum. Praha, 2006.
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T. Hobbes. Leviathan. Praha, 2009.
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W. Röd. Novověká filosofie I. a II.. Praha, 2001.
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