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Lecturer(s)
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Doležal Jiří, doc. MUDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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Examination of thyroid gland and parathyroid gland. Thyroid accumulation test. Radionuclide methods in respiratory medicine. Ventilation scintigraphy of lungs - radiopharmaceuticals. Dynamic and static ventilation scintigraphy. Indication. Radionuclide perfusion of lungs - indication, implementation, assessment. Scintigraphy of skeleton and bone marrow. Planar scintigraphy of skeleton. Three phase skeletal scintigraphy. SPECT scan of spine. Cerebral radionuclide examination. Cerebral perfusion scintigraphy - SPECT. Brain PET/CT. Isotope cisternography. Diagnostic nuclear medicine methods in oncology. Immunoscintigraphy (CEA, TAG-72, CA125) - preparation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies, radiopharmaceuticals, indication, implementation, assessment. Gallium (Ga67) scintigraphy - indication, implementation, assessment. Estrogen receptor scintigraphy. MIBI scintigraphy. Mammoscintigraphy. Sentinel lymph node scintigraphy. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in neuroendocrine tumors. Tumour PET/CT. Salivary gland examination, indication, radiopharmaceuticals, implementation. Dynamic esophagus scintigraphy and esophagus transit time. Gastric empting scan. Meckel's Diverticulum Imaging. GI bleeding imaging using radiolabeled autologous erythrocytes. Inflammation imaging (radiolabeled autologous leukocytes and granulocytes, Ga67 citrate, 18F-FDG imaging). Gated equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography - radiopharmaceuticals, implementation, assessment. First pass approach in cardiac shunt evaluation. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Stress tests. Assessment of myocardial viability. Therapy using open radioactive sources. Radioactive iodine I131 therapy for thyroid cancer and thyrotoxicosis. Radionuclide treatment of painful bone metastases. Nuclear medicine methods in GI bleeding diagnostics. Cerebral perfusion scintigraphy. Brain PET/CT - 18F-FDG, 18F-FLT. Radionuclide cisternography. Radionuclide ventriculography. Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Immunoscintigraphy. Estrogen receptor scintigraphy. Inflammation imaging using radiolabeled leukocytes, granulocytes, Ga67 citrate, 18F-FDG imaging). Tumour Gallium (Ga67) scintigraphy. Somatostatin analogue scintigraphy. Whole-body scintigraphy after applying131I and 99mTc-MIBI. Mammoscintigraphy. Tumour imaging using 18F-FDG, 18F-FLT PET/CT I. Tumour imaging using 18F-FDG, 18F-FLT PET/CT II. Radionuclide therapy.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing), Demonstration, Skills training
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Learning outcomes
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The aim of the subject of nuclear medicine is to acquaint students with history and development of radionuclide functional and imaging methods, and their position within current diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. This subject discusses in detail individual radionuclide imaging methods, health state and pathological findings in planar and dynamic scintigraphy, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT, SPECT/CT) and positron emission computed tomography (PET, PET/CT) according to particular organ systems. The subject provides practical knowledge of operating devices used in nuclear medicine, e.g. scintillation detector, scintillation gamma camera, SPECT, SPECT/CT, PET, PET/CT. The subject also focuses on use of therapeutic radionuclides in medicine (treatment of painful bone metastasis, thyroid cancer, hyperthyroidism, endocrine ophthalmopathy, etc.). Last but not least, the subject deals with effects of ionizing radiation on organism and protection against it. Students will master the subject matter in the extent outlined by the syllabus.
Student will gain competence to independently perform radionuclide examining and treatment methods, operate a gamma camera SPECT, SPECT/CT, PET/CT, provide treatment by radionuclides, and dispose of radioactive waste.
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Prerequisites
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unspecified
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination
Completion of an oral examination. 80% attendance at seminars.
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Recommended literature
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APPELBAUM D. et al. Nuclear Medicine. USA, New York: Thieme Medical Publisher, 2012.
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BLODGETT TM. et al. Speciality Imaging - PET/CT. USA, Salt Like City: Amirsys, 2009.
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FANTI S. et al. Atlas of SPECT-CT. Berlin: Springer, 2011.
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CHERRI SROV. et al. Physics in Nuclear Medicine. USA, Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders., 2012.
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CHRISTIAN PE. et al. Nuclear Medicine PET/CT. USA, Philadelhia: Elsevier Mosby, 2011.
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KAMINEK, M., LANG O., TROJANOVÁ, H. Nukleární kardiologie. Praha: Galén, 2008.
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KORANDA, P.; MYSLIVEČEK, M. a kol. Nukleární medicína v endokrinologii a terapie otevřenými zářiči. 1. vyd. Olomouc : Vydavatelství Univerzity Palackého, 2002. ISBN 80-244-0415-X.
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Kupka, Karel. Nukleární medicína : [učební text]. [Praha]: P3K, 2007. ISBN 978-80-903584-9-2.
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LIN CL. et al. PET and PET/CT. USA, New York: Thieme Medical Publisher, 2009.
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MYSLIVEČEK, M.; KORANDA, P. a kol. Nukleární medicína v diagnostice nádorů a zánětů. 1. vyd. Olomouc : Vydavatelství Univerzity Palackého, 2002. ISBN 80-7067-511-X.
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VOTRUBOVÁ J. et al. Klinické PET a PET/CT. Praha: Galén, 2009.
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ZIESSMAN HA. et al. Nuclear Medicine - The Requisitis. USA, Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby, 2006.
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