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Lecturer(s)
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Potůček František, prof. Ing. CSc.
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Course content
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Hydromechanical unit operations. Flow of fluids and pulp suspensions (rheology, mass and energy balances, Bernoulli's theorem, friction losses in pipes, losses in fittings). Pumps (centrifugal pumps, rotary pumps, Mono pumps, developed head, suction head). Flow of liquid presenting a free surface (rate of discharge, time of discharge, discharge of stock from headbox of paper machine). Mixing (paddle stirrers, propellers, other type of stirrers, power consumption, power number-Reynolds number chart, mixing time, scale-up and design, blending of non-Newtonian fluids and pulp suspensions, motionless mixers). Classification (types of vortex cleaners, criterion of hydrocyclone, efficiency of separation, pressure drop of hydrocyclone, design of hydrocyclone, cleaner stages). Drying of pulp and paper. Humidification terms. Enthalpy-humidity chart. Mixing of air streams with different humidity. Convective drying (continuous counter-flow dryer, mass and heat balances of dryer, drying with air recirculation, stage-wise drying). Kinetics of drying (mechanisms of drying, drying rates, constant-rate period, falling-rate period, time of drying). Drying of paper sheet on steam-heated rolls performed in zigzag manner (number of rolls, consumption of steam, ventilation of dryer). Impingement drying onYankee dryer (heat and mass transfer during impingement of a jet of air on wet paper sheet, calculation of the number of nozzles, recuperative air-heater).
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing)
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Learning outcomes
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Within the frame of this subject students learn to solve technological problems occurring at pulp and paper production from a chemical engineering point of view, particularly to analyze given problem, to choose suitable calculation method, to formulate simplified assumption, as well as to evaluate the obtained results from an operating standpoint.
A graduate should be able to analyze some technological problems connected with pulp and paper production and to find their solutions including economic and environmental aspects.
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Prerequisites
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Basic knowledge of chemical engineering.
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Assessment methods and criteria
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Oral examination, Written examination
The examination consists of a written test and an oral examination. The written test comprises two problems, one in hydromechanical operations and another in drying of fibrous materials.
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Recommended literature
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Belskij, A. P., Lotvinov, M. D. Ventiljacija bumagodelatelnych mašin. Moskva: Lesnaja Promyšlennost, 1990.
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Bušmelev, V. A., Volman, N. S., Kokuškin, O. A. Processy i apparaty celljulozno-bumažnogo proizvodstva. Moskva: Lesnaja promyšlennost, 1985.
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Keeney, N. H., Walkinshaw, J. W. A Chemical Engineering Workbook for Pulp and Paper Industry. Vol. 1, and 2.. Atlanta: TAPPI, 1979.
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Potůček, František. Papírenské inženýrství II. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2000. ISBN 80-7194-257-X.
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Potůček, František. Úvod k řešení příkladů z papírenského inženýrství. Pardubice: Univerzita Pardubice, 2002. ISBN 80-7194-430-0.
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Těrentěv, O. A. Gidrodinamika voloknistych suspenzij v celljuloznobumažnom proizvodstve. Moskva: Lesnaja promyšlennost, 1980.
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