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Course info
KALCH / C624
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Course description
Department/Unit / Abbreviation
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KALCH
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C624
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Academic Year
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2023/2024
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Academic Year
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2023/2024
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Title
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Analytical Instrumental Methods
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Form of course completion
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Examination
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Form of course completion
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Examination
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Accredited / Credits
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Yes,
5
Cred.
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Type of completion
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-
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Type of completion
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-
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Time requirements
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Lecture
2
[HRS/WEEK]
Seminar
2
[HRS/WEEK]
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Course credit prior to examination
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No
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Course credit prior to examination
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No
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Automatic acceptance of credit before examination
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No
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Included in study average
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YES
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Language of instruction
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Czech
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Occ/max
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|
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Automatic acceptance of credit before examination
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No
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Summer semester
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0 / -
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0 / -
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0 / -
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Included in study average
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YES
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Winter semester
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0 / -
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0 / -
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0 / -
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Repeated registration
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NO
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Repeated registration
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NO
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Timetable
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Yes
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Semester taught
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Summer semester
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Semester taught
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Summer semester
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Minimum (B + C) students
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not determined
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Optional course |
Yes
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Optional course
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Yes
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Language of instruction
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Czech
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Internship duration
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0
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No. of hours of on-premise lessons |
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Evaluation scale |
A|B|C|D|E|F |
Periodicity |
každý rok
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Periodicita upřesnění |
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Fundamental theoretical course |
No
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Fundamental course |
No
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Fundamental theoretical course |
No
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Evaluation scale |
A|B|C|D|E|F |
Substituted course
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None
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Preclusive courses
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N/A
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Prerequisite courses
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KALCH/C618 or KALCH/C680 and KALCH/C625
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Meet all prerequisites before registering
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NO
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Informally recommended courses
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N/A
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Courses depending on this Course
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N/A
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Histogram of students' grades over the years:
Graphic PNG
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XLS
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Course objectives:
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The aim of the course is to extend knowledge of classical analytical methods with basic knowledge about instrumental analysis.
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Requirements on student
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written part of examination - 40 %,
oral examination - 60 %;
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Content
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Introduction to the subject
Relationship "instrumental vs. (classical) chemical analysis". Qualitative analysis and identification of substances. Quantitative analysis and the respective methods (calibration curve, standard sample and addition methods).
Electroanalysis
Potentiometry: Electrode potential, measuring (indicator and reference electrodes, electrodes I. and II. kinds. Construction and basic characterization of selected electrodes. Glass electrode and other pH-sensing electrodes. pH measurements. Ion-selective electrodes (ISE) and direct potentiometry. Principles of operation of the most important electrodes, measurement with: F-ISE, NO3-ISE. Ca-ISE and K-ISE. Potentiometric titrations.
Polarography, voltammetry and related techniques: Measurements with the passage of current. Polarization and depolarization, faradaic and non-faradaic currents. Classic Heyrovsky polarography and dropping mercury electrode (DME). Voltammetry, direct and modulated potential: LSV (DC), DPV and SWV. Working electrodes.
Amperometry and biosensors. Coulometry and Faraday's law. Conductometry and conductivity in solutions.
Spectral analysis
Electromagnetic irradiation and its classification according to energy or wavelengths. The formation of spectra and their basic types. Molecular absorption spectrometry in the area of UV/Vis spectra: Spectrophotometry, UV/Vis spectra, transmittance vs. absorbance. Lambert-Beer law. Scheme of equipment for UV/Vis measurement. Luminescence spectrometry and fluorimetry.
Atomic emission spectrometry (AES): Classical spectrography: Bar spectra, their qualitative and quantitative analysis. Flame photometry. Modern variants of emission spectrometry: ICP-OES and LIBS.
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS): Variants of FL-AAS, ET-AAS, HG-AAS and CV-AAS. Equipment for AAS: block diagram (fig.) and description of individual parts. Examples of the use of AAS in analytical practice.
Infrared spectrometry (IR-S): Classical (dispersive) IR, Basic principles of FTIR, IR-spectrum analysis: higher frequency range vs. thumbprint area; use to identify substances.
Mass Spectrometry (MS): Principles, scheme and description of MS equipment: ways of ionization, molecular ions, ion fragmentation. Types of mass analyzers. MS-spectrum interpretation and their use.
Non-spectral (optical) techniques: Polarimetry and optically active substances. Nephelometry, turbidimetry and measurements of solutions with precipitates.
Analytical separation
Basic concepts, definitions and classification according to the principles of separation: separation of substances between two phases (adsorption and extraction), ion exchange, mesh effect (permeation), bioaffinity.
Planar chromatography (TLC): Paper and thin-layer chromatography: Principles of separation, basic experimental equipment for both types of TLC. Development procedures, physical and chemical spot detection. Examples of use.
Gas Chromatography (GC): Separation in a gas mobile phase. Chromatograms, their description and evaluation. Instrumentation: scheme of assembly for GC, description. Types of columns, detectors (TCD, FID, ECD and MS).
Liquid chromatography (LC or HPLC): Separation in a system with a liquid mobile phase. HPLC and types of mobile or stationary phases. Experimental arrangement in HPLC: block diagram and description of individual parts. Pumps, columns and detectors: (UV/Vis, FL, RF, EC, LC-MS connection). Use of HPLC in practice.
Electromigration techniques: Migration and mobility of charged particles, their separation in electric field. Classical (zone) electrophoresis (ZE), capillary and gel electrophoresis (CE and GE), isotachophoresis (ITP). Detectors. Use of CE and ITP.
Extraction and other pre-concentration techniques: Separation equilibria in a system of different phases. Liquid-to-liquid extraction, Soxhlet apparatus (and extraction efficiency). Extraction of a solid with a liquid. Extraction with gas, with solid sorbents.
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Activities
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Fields of study
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Guarantors and lecturers
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-
Guarantors:
prof. Ing. Ivan Švancara, Dr. (100%),
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Lecturer:
prof. Ing. Ivan Švancara, Dr. (100%),
prof. Ing. Karel Ventura, CSc. (100%),
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Seminar lecturer:
Ing. Aleš Eisner, Ph.D. (100%),
Ing. Radovan Metelka, Ph.D. (100%),
Ing. Tomáš Mikysek, Ph.D. (100%),
prof. Ing. Ivan Švancara, Dr. (100%),
prof. Ing. Karel Ventura, CSc. (100%),
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Literature
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Basic:
Švancara I. a kol. Instrumentální analýza: Učební texty, e-skripta. Pardubice. 2022.
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Recommended:
Skoog D.A. a kol. Analytická chemie, překlad z angl. Praha. 2019.
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Recommended:
Holzbecher Z., Churáček J. a kol. Analytická chemie, 1987, SNTL Praha..
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Recommended:
Kolektiv (vedoucí Zýka J.). Analytická příručka, díl I, II, 4. vydání, 1988, SNTL Praha.
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Recommended:
Štulík K. a kol. Analytické separační metody, Karolinum Praha 2004.
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Recommended:
Barek J., Opekar F. a Štulík K. Elektroanalytická chemie, Karolinum Praha 2005.
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Recommended:
Kolektiv autorů. Instrumentální analýza, 1986, SNTL Praha..
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Recommended:
Vytřas K.a kol. Lab. cvičení z anal. chemie Část II: Instrumentální analýza (skripta), 1996, UPa.
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Recommended:
Vláčil F.a kol. Příklady z chem. a inst. analýzy, 1983, SNTL Praha; 1991, Informatorium Praha..
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Recommended:
Sommer L. Teoretické základy analytické chemie I., II., III., 1995, VUT Brno..
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Prerequisites - other information about course preconditions |
High-school knowledge of analytical chemistry, including inorganic and organic chemistry, as well as biochemistry. |
Competences acquired |
Students after graduation of the subject "Analytical chemistry II" together with the subject "Analytical Chemistry II: Laboratory course" are ready to work in analytical laboratories equipped with the basic instrumentation. |
Teaching methods |
- Monologic (reading, lecture, briefing)
- Work with text (with textbook, with book)
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Assessment methods |
- Oral examination
- Written examination
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